Drone Vulnerability and Risk Assessment (DVRA) Course

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Module 1: History, Evolution, and Operational Doctrine of UAS & Drone Warfare

Covers the historical evolution of uncrewed platforms—from early military precedents like the 1918 Kettering Bug and the 1982 Bekaa Valley operation to modern peer-vs-peer combat doctrines.

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Module 2: Technical Architecture, Flight Physics, & RF Spectrum

Deconstructs multi-jurisdictional drone taxonomy (DoD Groups 1–5, FAA Part 107/89, NATO STANAG), flight controller avionics, closed-loop sensor fusion, digital Electronic Speed Controllers (ESCs), and RF spectrum modulations (FHSS, OFDM).

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Module 3: Threat Vectors, Attack Modalities, & Adversary TTPs

Analyzes physical kinetic attack vectors (such as thermite payloads and custom airframes), high-density breach formations, airborne cyber exploit payloads (rooftop Wi-Fi Evil Twin attacks and SDR interception), and GNSS jamming/spoofing.

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Module 4: Detection and Sensors

Details passive detection modalities (RF direction finding, micro-Doppler acoustic arrays, EO/IR optics), active 3D FMCW/AESA radar physics (including the fourth-root Radar Cross Section range law), Level 1–3 sensor data fusion, and FAA Part 89 Remote ID packet structures.

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Module 5: Legal Frameworks, Federal Regulations, & Mitigation Boundaries

Examines FAA navigable airspace preemption (49 U.S.C. § 40103), federal felony prohibitions under Title 18 and Title 47 regarding active interdiction (Aircraft Sabotage Act, Wiretap Act, CFAA), statutory exemptions under 6 U.S.C. § 124n, and the SAFER SKIES Act.

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Module 6: DVRA Methodology, Layered Architecture, & Program Execution

Establishes the 4-phase Drone Vulnerability and Risk Assessment (DVRA) methodology: 2-Mile Area of Awareness spatial baselining, CARVER target matrix profiling, NIST 5x5 quantitative risk scoring, 360-degree concentric defense design, and tactical field drills (SCAN protocol).